






3 Years
Bachelor Degree
| Title of Course | Course Outcome |
|---|---|
| Major I — BIOTECHNOLOGY I |
CO1: Explain scope, branches and applications of biotechnology and identify national research and industry bodies. CO2: Describe ultrastructure and functions of major cell organelles across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. CO3: Apply basic laboratory safety, equipment use (balance, pH meter, autoclave, centrifuge) and experimental record keeping. CO4: Demonstrate basic cellular techniques — staining, chloroplast isolation and estimation of chlorophyll. |
| Major II — BIOTECHNOLOGY II |
CO1: Summarize historical development of microbiology and common microscopy/staining methods. CO2: Explain sterilization/disinfection methods and evaluate disinfectant effectiveness experimentally. CO3: Apply Mendelian genetics and pedigree/tetrad analysis to interpret inheritance patterns. CO4: Perform basic microbiological culture techniques (media prep, plating, aseptic transfer) and karyotype analysis. |
| Skill Enhancement — BASIC BIOTECHNIQUES (SEC) |
CO1: Operate common lab instruments (colorimeter, UV-Vis, electrophoresis apparatus). CO2: Isolate DNA and proteins from biological samples and document protocols. CO3: Perform basic chromatographic separations (paper, TLC) and buffer preparations. CO4: Conduct quantitative estimations (ascorbic acid, microbial enumeration, BOD/COD) with accuracy. |
| Title of Course | Course Outcome |
|---|---|
| Major I — BIOTECHNOLOGY III |
CO1: Explain cell cycle phases, mitosis/meiosis and molecular control of cell cycle (cyclins/CDKs). CO2: Characterize antigens, immunoglobulin structure and hematopoiesis and relate to immune response. CO3: Describe DNA mutation types, DNA repair mechanisms and their significance in human disease. CO4: Demonstrate laboratory techniques for mitosis/meiosis observation, blood counts and agarose electrophoresis. |
| Major II — BIOTECHNOLOGY IV |
CO1: Explain microbial nutritional requirements, media types and enumeration/preservation methods. CO2: Analyze plant photosynthesis (light/dark reactions, C4/CAM) and perform stomatal index measurements. CO3: Describe animal physiological systems (digestion, respiration, excretion) and relevant laboratory observations. CO4: Carry out microbial growth curve experiments and calculate generation time and viability. |
| Title of Course | Course Outcome |
|---|---|
| Major I IMMUNOLOGY |
CO1: Describe antigen processing/presentation, structure of MHC and role in T/B cell responses. CO2: Explain complement pathways and cytokine functions in immune regulation. CO3: Evaluate host-pathogen interactions, virulence factors and basics of epidemiology and outbreak control. CO4: Apply immunotechniques (ELISA, precipitation, agglutination) and interpret diagnostic outputs. |
| Major II CELL BIOLOGY & CYTOGENETICS |
CO1: Explain cytoskeleton components, motor proteins and their role in cellular motility and mitosis. CO2: Describe membrane transport mechanisms, junctions and cell–cell interactions. CO3: Interpret chromosomal structure, types of chromosomal aberrations and syndromes (e.g., Down, Turner). CO4: Perform cytogenetic mapping exercises (tetrad/three-point cross, pedigree) and relate to genetic linkage. |
| Minor / Interdisciplinary — BIOPHYSICS & BIOSTATISTICS |
CO1: Explain optical/spectrophotometric principles and instrumentation used in biological measurements. CO2: Apply basic thermofluid and acoustics concepts relevant to biological sensors and lab measurements. CO3: Compute measures of central tendency, dispersion and perform basic hypothesis testing and correlation. CO4: Verify Beer–Lambert law experimentally and estimate molar extinction coefficients for biomolecules. |
| Title of Course | Course Outcome |
|---|---|
| Major I MOLECULAR BIOLOGY |
CO1: Explain genetic code, translation mechanism and post-translational modifications. CO2: Describe bacterial genetic exchange (conjugation, transformation, transduction) and transposable elements. CO3: Compare regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes (operons) and eukaryotes (RNAi, imprinting). CO4: Perform and interpret basic molecular genetics experiments (transformation, conjugation, SDS-PAGE). |
| Major II — BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY |
CO1: Identify microorganisms used in industry and explain screening & strain maintenance procedures. CO2: Describe fermentor design, sterilization, media design and key process parameters (pH, aeration, agitation). CO3: Differentiate fermentation types and outline product isolation and downstream purification approaches. CO4: Plan a small lab-scale fermentation experiment and carry out product estimation/purification steps. |
| Minor — ENERGY & METABOLISM |
CO1: Describe central metabolic pathways (glycolysis, TCA, PPP) and regulation of energy flow in cells. CO2: Explain electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation and energy yields of metabolic reactions. CO3: Interpret amino acid, lipid and nucleotide metabolism and related disorders. CO4: Perform clinical/biochemical enzyme assays (LDH, SGOT/SGPT, urea, uric acid) and interpret results. |
| Title of Course | Course Outcome |
|---|---|
| Industrial Biotechnology |
CO1: Understand strain improvement techniques and aseptic processes. CO2: Analyze fermentor types, designs, and operating conditions. CO3: Assess microbial flora and methods in dairy microbiology. CO4: Evaluate preservation techniques and starter cultures used in fermented milk products. |
| Biochemistry |
CO1: Describe protein structure, folding, and ligand interactions. CO2: Explain carbohydrate and cholesterol metabolism and regulation. CO3: Illustrate hormonal functions and endocrine gland mechanisms. CO4: Understand nutritional roles of vitamins and minerals in metabolism. |
| Virology and Chemotherapeutics |
CO1: Summarize virus structure, replication, and classification. CO2: Demonstrate understanding of virus cultivation and detection techniques. CO3: Explain the mechanism of action of antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral drugs. CO4: Analyze drug resistance mechanisms and effectiveness testing methods. |
| Instrumentation (BUNSBTMR 506) |
CO1: Explain principles and applications of centrifugation and chromatography. CO2: Understand and apply spectroscopic techniques in analytical studies. |
| Title of Course | Course Outcome |
|---|---|
| Agriculture Biotechnology |
CO1: Understand greenhouse technology and precision farming tools. CO2: Examine molecular responses of plants to abiotic and biotic stress. CO3: Apply molecular markers in plant breeding and DNA barcoding. CO4: Evaluate the use of biofertilizers and biopesticides in sustainable agriculture. |
| Marine Biotechnology and Bio-entrepreneurship |
CO1: Explore marine ecosystems for bioprospecting of drugs and enzymes. CO2: Understand cosmetic applications of marine bioresources. CO3: Develop ideas for entrepreneurship in biotech sectors. CO4: Investigate innovations in biotechnology for business opportunities. |
| Environmental Biotechnology |
CO1: Identify renewable energy technologies like biofuels and biogas. CO2: Describe biotechnological strategies for sustainable development. CO3: Demonstrate methods in bioremediation and environmental monitoring. CO4: Evaluate effects of environmental toxins and mechanisms of detoxification. |
| Bioinformatics |
CO1: Retrieve and interpret data from bioinformatics databases. CO2: Perform sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis. CO3: Predict and validate protein structures using computational tools. |
After completion of the B.Sc. Biotechnology programme, students will be able to:
Demonstrate fundamental knowledge of biological sciences and biotechnology principles.
Apply biotechnological techniques in laboratory and field-based experiments.
Analyze and interpret scientific data using appropriate tools and methods.
Integrate interdisciplinary concepts from biology, chemistry, and technology to solve biological problems.
Communicate scientific ideas effectively through oral and written presentations.
Exhibit professional ethics, biosafety awareness, and environmental responsibility.
Develop skills for entrepreneurship, research, and continuous learning in biotechnology and related fields.
Upon completion of the B.Sc. Biotechnology programme, learners will be able to:
Apply molecular, microbial, and biochemical techniques to study and manipulate biological systems.
Utilize biotechnology tools for industrial, agricultural, and environmental applications.
Conduct basic research and data analysis following ethical and biosafety standards.
Translate theoretical knowledge into practical solutions for healthcare, agriculture, and sustainable development.






